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Vegetace na zemědělské půdě v blízkosti železničních tratí
Vidrmertová, Ivana
The aim of this study was to monitor the vegetation, species distribution and percent cover of each species in an orchard adjacent to a railway line. Three sites were selected for observation, namely the orchard inter-row, the path in the orchard and the railway embankment. Vegetation was assessed by phytocenological photographs, of which 18 were taken, each covering 10 m2. The observations were carried out in July and September 2022. The data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA). At the same time, the data were tabulated according to habitat and date of observation. Thirty-eight plant species were found during the assessment, and individual weed species representation was distributed into five groups according to habitat. Among the species assessed, five invasive species were found - Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense, Erigeron annuus, Setaria pumila and Solidago canadensis.
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Hunting and fishing in the light of selected environmental issues
Rudolf, Vít ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
1 Hunting and fishing in the light of selected environmental issues Abstract The diploma thesis focuses on the hunting and fishing in the light of selected environmental issues. Both hunting and fishing are activities that may serve as freetime activities, but their main purpose is nature conservation and as such should respond to the changes in nature brought about by climate change. The aim of this diploma thesis is to provide the reader with a basic insight into the legal regulation of hunting and fishing and to assess the current legal regulation in terms of preparedness for the changes in nature brought about by ongoing climate change. The second objective is pursued by answering three questions: "Does the Czech legislation sufficiently care about biodiversity conservation?", "Does the Czech legislation effectively combat invasive and non-native species?" and "Is Czech legislation prepared for the changes in animal behaviour that will inevitably occur in the context of climate change?". The diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. The beginning of the diploma thesis focuses on the issue of climate change, where the emphasis is mainly placed on laying out the problems related to the loss of biodiversity, the introduction of non-native species and changes in animal behaviour. Next, the diploma...
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Vliv zastoupení invazivního trnovníku akátu (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) v porostu na společenstva střevlíkovitých brouků (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Podešva, Jan
In the framework of the submitted bachelor thesis the influence of non-native invasive black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) species on ground beetle beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) was studied. Black Locust is a allochtonous and invasive tree species in Europe that is very tolerant of drought, heat and pollution. This species is due to its invasive in many parts of Europe and has become a significant threat to the original ecosystems. The influence of black locust on the environment has been studied mainly on plants and the impacts on other components of the ecosystem have not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, the ellfect of black locust on the bioindicative group of ground beetles was studied. The research was carried out near the village of Želešice near Brno in a stand with a proportion of black locust and native woody plants. In total ten research study plots with the proportion of black locuts were established. Four pitfall traps were installed in each plot. The collected data were analyzed using Statitica and multidimensional ordination techniques (CCAs). It was found that the proportion of acacia in the stand does not affect the abundance of individuals or the number of ground beetle species. In contrast, the influence of acacia on the composition of the ground beetle community was find out. The number of species bound to forest stands decreases as proportion of black locust increase in stads. While euryecious species, often bound to open ruderal habitats, are increasing. Based on the present results, it can therefore be concluded that acacia affects the ground beetle community significantly. With regard to the negative effects of the thorn tree on the original ecosystems, it would therefore be advisable to prioritize autochthonous and habitat-native tree species in the reforestration of stands.
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Invasive fish species in the Czech Republic
Kozlovcev, Jiří ; Petrtýl, Miloslav (advisor) ; Kuříková, Pavlína (referee)
Summary
This bachelor thesis is focused on invasive fish species, which are able to influence our native ichtyofauna, and then a legislation, which contains this issue.
In the first chapters is explained a issue of ecological biodiversity, as well as the introduction of unoriginal fish species to our territory, with a continue by extension and
complete naturalization.
Another part is devoted to the detailed characteristics of invasive fish species that
represent a current threat for our native fish species. This chapter describes the silver crucian
carp (Carassius gibelio), Topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva), brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus).
Among non native fish species which are carrying the prerequisites for invasive penetration into Czech waters were classified species from the family of Gobiidae, therefore tubenose goby (Proterorhinus marmoratus), Kesslers goby (Ponticola kessleri), racer goby
(Neogobius gymnotrachelus) and monkey goby (Neogobius fluviatilis). From the family of
Odontobutidae was included Chinese sleeper (Perccottus glenii).
In chapter names Invasive species in the past there are characterized just two species, pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus) and three spined stickleback (Gasterosteus
aculeatus), where their penetration into Czech waters had carried signs of invasiveness, but
over time their quantity is decreasing.
The final part is devoted to legislative measures concerting the introduction of non native fish species on our territory.
Attachment contains photographic documentation of various species.
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Výskyt nutrie říční a psíka mývalovitého v oblasti východních Čech
KOPŘIVA, Jan
The subject of this thesis was evaluation current status of the two species of fur animals, Coypu and Raccoon Dog in eastern Bohemia, in the Pardubice Region and the Hradec Kralove Region. Now Coypu otter and Raccoon Dogs occur in the region of eastern Bohemia. Raccoon Dog does not live only in the immediate vicinity of the water. Coypu lives directly on the water and the water is bound. If an option, so the earliest peoples larger flows. Also it prefers warmer areas. It occurs to 400 meters above sea level. Populations of both species of these invasive species of fur animals in the study area are growing. In the Hradec Kralove Region populations of both species are more numerous than in the Pardubice Region. Repeatedly been identified direct damage caused by the Coypu grazing crops. Further erodes the banks and dikes. Currently occurs in eastern Bohemia to 2,700 individuals Coypu and 900 individuals Raccoon Dog. Over the last five years was recorded increase in the number of both populations of those species about 100%.
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Invasive species of fur animals in the coutryside of the Czech Republic
KOPŘIVA, Jan
Subject of the Bachelor´s thesis was developing of a literature review focusing on the status of invasive species of fur animals in the Czech Republic. Further attention was drawn to the damage , including diseases that may cause these animals and spread. It is discussed about the muskrat , the coypu, the raccoon , the raccoon dog and the mink , as they are species of fur animals, which are found freely on the territory of the Czech Republic , and there are not original animal species.
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